Service businesses sit awkwardly between asset-light SaaS and asset-heavy industrials. The defensible value comes from a combination of recurring revenue (retainers, managed services), the productivity of the consultant base (utilisation, billable rate), and the durability of client relationships (concentration, average tenure).
EV/Revenue multiples for UK professional services run 0.5x – 2.5x, but the dispersion is enormous and depends almost entirely on the recurring-revenue percentage. A firm with 70%+ of revenue under multi-year retainer trades like a SaaS business; the same firm on project work trades closer to a staffing agency.
HMRC SVM expects an explicit discount for key-person dependency in service firms — if the founder generates more than 40% of billings, a 15-25% goodwill discount is typical. We disclose this transparently and model the founder-transition scenario.